Substances classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO) according to their evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Groups range from 1 (proven human carcinogen) to 4 (probably not carcinogenic to humans). The IARC classification is an international reference in occupational and environmental health.

Substances classified as carcinogens or mutagens Category 2 under the CLP Regulation (GHS), bearing H351 and/or H341 phrases. These are substances suspected of causing cancer or heritable genetic mutations in humans.

Substances classified with chronic aquatic toxicity under the CLP Regulation (H410–H413 phrases, Aquatic Chronic categories 1 to 4). They pose a long-term hazard to aquatic organisms, even at low concentrations and through prolonged exposure.

Priority substances and specific pollutants within the EU water policy framework, established by the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) and the Priority Substances Directive (2008/105/EC and amendments). Substances posing significant risk to European surface waters and subject to Environmental Quality Standards (EQS).

Substances from List 1 of Annex III of the IPPC Directive (integrated into the Industrial Emissions Directive 2010/75/EU). Atmospheric pollutants —including SO₂, NOx, heavy metals and organic compounds— that must be taken into account when setting emission limit values for IPPC installations.

Hazardous substances listed in Annex I of the Seveso III Directive (Directive 2012/18/EU), transposed in Spain by Royal Decree 840/2015. Their presence in industrial establishments in quantities equal to or above established thresholds triggers obligations to implement major accident risk control measures.

Substances included in the Community Rolling Action Plan (CoRAP) of the REACH Regulation. These are substances selected for evaluation by EU Member States due to indications of risk to human health or the environment, with the aim of clarifying whether regulatory action is warranted.

Substances under active regulatory monitoring through ECHA's PACT (Public Activities Coordination Tool). Allows tracking which regulatory authorities are examining a substance and what potential regulatory actions are being considered (restriction, SVHC identification, harmonised classification, etc.).

Active substances whose approval for biocidal use has been denied or not renewed under Regulation (EU) No 528/2012 on biocidal products. They may not be placed on the market or used as active substances in biocidal products in the European Union.